摘要
现在进行时表示此刻正在进行的动作或现阶段持续的状态,由“be动词(am/is/are)+ 动词-ing”构成。它强调动作的“未完成性”和“暂时性”,常用于描述当前场景、临时安排或变化趋势。
规则(Rule)
1. 基本结构
- 肯定句:主语 + am/is/are + 动词-ing
- 例:She is reading a book.
- 否定句:主语 + am/is/are + not + 动词-ing
- 例:They are not playing outside.
- 疑问句:Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 动词-ing?
- 例:Are you listening to me?
2. 动词-ing 变化规则
- 一般动词直接加 -ing:work → working
- 以不发音 e 结尾,去 e 加 -ing:write → writing
- 重读闭音节(一个元音+一个辅音结尾),双写末尾辅音再加 -ing:run → running
- 以 ie 结尾,变 ie 为 y 再加 -ing:lie → lying
3. 主要用法
- 此刻正在进行的动作:Look! The baby is sleeping.
- 现阶段持续但未必此刻发生的动作:I am studying English this month.
- 近期已确定的计划或安排(常与将来时间连用):We are meeting at 3 p.m. tomorrow.
- 描述变化或趋势:The weather is getting colder.
4. 常见搭配时间状语
- now, right now, at the moment
- these days, this week, this year
- Look!, Listen!(用于提醒注意正在发生的事)
5. 不用于进行时的动词(状态动词)
- 表示感觉:see, hear, smell, taste
- 表示情感:like, love, hate, want
- 表示拥有:have, own, belong
- 表示认知:know, believe, understand
- 例外:当这些词表示主动行为时可用进行时(如:I am tasting the soup. 我在尝汤。)
例句(Examples)
-
She is currently writing an email to her client.
她此刻正在给客户写一封邮件。 -
Listen! The birds are singing outside the window.
听!鸟儿正在窗外唱歌。 -
We are moving to a new apartment next month.
我们下个月要搬去新公寓(已确定的计划)。 -
The price of oil is rising rapidly these days.
最近油价正在快速上涨。 -
Why are you wearing a coat? It's not cold.
你为什么穿着外套?天气并不冷。